Blueberry attenuates liver injury in metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease by promoting the expression of mitofilin/Mic60 in human hepatocytes and inhibiting the production of superoxide / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of blueberry on regulating the mitochondrial inner membrane protein mitofilin/Mic60 in an in vitro model of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MAFLD). Methods L02 human hepatocytes were induced by free fatty acids (FFA) to establish MAFLD cell model. A normal group, a model group, an 80 μg/mL blueberry treatment group, a Mic60 short hairpin RNA (Mic60 shRNA) transfection group, and Mic60 knockdown combined with an 80 μg/mL blueberry treatment group were established. The intracellular lipid deposition was observed by oil red O staining, and the effect of different concentrations of blueberry pulp on the survival rate of L02 cells treated with FFA was measured by MTT assay. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were measured by visible spectrophotometry. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes was observed by fluorescence microscopy, and the mRNA and protein expression of Mic60 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Results After 24 hours of FFA stimulation, a large number of red lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of L02 cells was observed, and the survival rate of L02 cells treated with 80 μg/mL blueberry was higher. The results of ALT, AST, TG, TC, MDA and the fluorescence intensity of ROS in blueberry treated group were lower than those in model group, while the levels of SOD, GSH, Mic60 mRNA and protein in blueberry treated group were higher than those in model group. Conclusion Blueberry promotes the expression of Mic60, increases the levels of SOD and GSH in hepatocytes, and reduces the production of ROS, thus alleviating the injury of MAFLD hepatocytes and regulating the disorder of lipid metabolism.

Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma / 肿瘤防治研究

Lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) is the most common primary malignant epithelial tumor of the lacrimal gland and has the characteristics of high recurrence rate, neurotropic growth, and risk of distant metastasis. The clinical manifestation is mainly a mass in the lacrimal gland area with a poor specificity. The combination of MRI and CT is important in the diagnosis of LGACC, and PET/CT is of great value in determining the nature and metastasis of LGACC. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis, and the type of histopathology is significant for predicting the prognosis of patients. At present, the most commonly used treatment for LGACC is surgical resection combined with postoperative local radiotherapy. However, the overall prognosis is poor after active treatment because the pathogenesis of LGACC remains unclear. This article will combine relevant literature and the author's clinical experience to review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, imaging examination, histopathological changes, treatment, and prognosis of LGACC. Results will contribute to improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment and the prognosis of patients.

Osteosarcoma with bone metastasis or pulmonary metastasis show distinct genomic manifestations / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the genomic manifestation and pathogenesis of osteosarcoma with different relapse pattens, which were respectively initially presented with bone metastasis or pulmonary metastasis.Methods:From May 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021, 38 fresh tumor specimens and some paraffin-embedded specimens of high-grade osteosarcoma were collected in Peking University People's Hospital, including 29 males and 9 females, aged 19.6±2.2 years (range, 6-61 years). Among the 38 cases, 12 cases had initial bone metastasis (group A) and 26 cases had initial lung metastasis (group B), of which 15 cases (40%, 15/38) had paired specimens of primary and metastatic lesions. Based on Illumina NovaSeq 6000, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing (WES) as well as transcriptome for osteosarcoma with paired samples in different relapse patterns. During all their treatment courses, we also collected their paired samples to reveal these tumors' evolution. We sought to redefine disease subclassifications for osteosarcoma based on genetic alterations and correlate these genetic profiles with clinical treatment courses to elucidate potential evolving cladograms.Results:We found that osteosarcoma in group A mainly carried single-nucleotide variations (83%, 10/12), displaying higher tumor mutation burden [4.9 (2.8, 12.0) & 2.4 (1.4, 4.5), P=0.010] and neoantigen load [743.0 (316.5, 1,034.5) & 128.5 (49.0, 200.5), P=0.003], while those in group B mainly exhibit structural variants (58%, 15/26). The mutation spectrum showed that there was a significant difference in age-related gene imprinting 1 between the bone metastasis group and the lung metastasis group ( P=0.005). Samples were randomly selected from group A (3 patients) to investigate immunologic landscape by multiplex immunohistochemistry, from which we noticed tertiary lymphatic structure from one patient from group A. High conservation of reported genetic sequencing over time was found in their evolving cladograms. Conclusion:Osteosarcoma with mainly single-nucleotide variations other than structural variants might exhibit biological behavior predisposing toward bone metastases with older in age as well as better immunogenicity in tumor microenvironment.

AnapplicationofMDCTtissuesegmentationtechnologyonthequantitativeevaluation andthevolumedegreedivisionofthepleuraleffusion / 实用放射学杂志

Objective Toexploreasimpleandaccuratemethodfordeterminingthequantitativeevaluationandthevolumedegree divisionofpleuraleffusionbyMDCTtissuesegmentationtechnology.Methods Thevolumeofwaterinjectedintothreecontainersof differentshapeswasmeasuredby MDCTtissuesegmentationtechnique,andwerefurthercomparedwiththevolumeoftheactual waterinjection.Byusingthesamemethod,theliquidvolumeofpleuraleffusionbeforeandafterpumpingfrompatientswasmeasured andthedifferencebetweentheanteriorandtheposteriorwascalculated.Thenthedifferencebeforeandafterthepumpingwascomparedwiththe actualvolumeofclinicalfluidpumping.Atthesametime,thespecificmethodtodeterminethedegreedivisionofpleuraleffusionwas established.Results Forcontainersofdifferentshapes,theresultfromtheCTscanningliquidmeasurementwasthesameasactualwater injection,andhadahighcorrelation.Thedifferencebetweenbeforeandafterfluidextractionandclinicalactualfluidextractionwas linearcorrelated(positivecorrelation,r=0.986,P<0.001).Accordingtothemethodfordegreedivisionofadulthemothorax,MDCT tissuesegmentationtechnologydividedthevolumeofpleuraleffusionbeforethepumpingintosmall,mediumandlargeamounts.There were44caseswithsmallpleuraleffusion,11caseswithmoderatepleuraleffusionand7caseswithlargepleuraleffusion.Conclusion The volumeofpleuraleffusion measuredby MDCTtissuesegmentationtechnologycanreflecttheactualvolumeofpleuraleffusionin clinictoacertainextent,and MDCTtissuesegmentationtechnologycanbeusedtodividethevolumedegreeofpleuraleffusion.

Progress in association between autophagy and cancer / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Autophagy is a highly conservative biological behavior in eukaryotic cells .This dynamic process involves wrappingcytoplasmic components and combining with lysosomes in cells for catabolism .Auto-phagy can not only take part in maintaining homeostasis ,but also be closely related with tumor development and resistant.Therefore,autophagy is a potential target for antitumor drug resistant .Specific inhibition of autophagy in cancer cells combined with chemotherapy is expected to be an effective cancer treatment strategy .

Effect of Auricular Point Sticking on Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Hypertension Patients Studied by Transcranial Doppler / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To study the effect of auricular point sticking on the cerebrovascular reactivity in hypertension patients of different stages by using Transcranial Doppler (TCD) technology.Method Three hundred hypertension patients were randomized into a treatment group (auricular point sticking) of 180 cases and a control group (medication) of 120 cases. The cerebral arterial hemodynamic indexes were observed and analyzed by TCD before and after intervention.Result In comparing the improvements of cerebral arterial hemodynamic indexes in stage 1-2 hypertension patients, the treatment group was significantly superior to the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01); in stage 3 hypertension patients, the improvements of cerebrovascular hemodynamics of the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Auricular point sticking can improve the cerebrovascular hemodynamics and effectively improve the cerebrovascular reactivity of hypertension patients. TCD can help observe and estimate the cerebral arterial function of hypertension patients, and prevent and intervene in cerebrovascular diseases.

Efficacy of patient-controlled epidural analgesia combined with ganciclovir for treatment of postherpetic neuralgia / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evalvate the efficacy of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) combined with ganciclovir for treatment of postherpetic neuralgia in patients.Methods A total of 60 patients with PHN,aged 51-86 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:ganciclovir group (F group) and PCEA combined with ganciclovir group (FB group).In FB and F groups,ganciclovir 0.25 g was infused intravenously twice a day for 7 consecutive days.In addition,continuous PCEA was performed simultaneously in group FB and the PCEA solution contained ropivacaine 300 mg,prednisolone 20 mg and dezocine 10 mg in 250 ml of normal saline.At 1 day before treatment (T0) and 7 days,1 month,and 6 months after treatment (T1-3),pain was assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS),and the quality of life (QOL) score and pair relief rate were recorded.Results VAS and QOL scores were significantly lower at T1-3 than at T0 in the two groups.Compared with F group,VAS scores were significantly decreased,and QOL score and pain relief rate were increased at T1-3 in FB group.Conclusion PCEA combined with ganciclovir can effectively alleviate postherpetic neuralgia in the patients.

Investigation on peripheral blood TSHR mRNA for differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To assess the value of peripheral blood thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR) mRNA determination in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.Methods Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and (or) postoperative histopathology as the gold standard were carried out,the expression of circulating TSHR mRNA was determined by RT-PCR in 33 patients with benign thyroid nodules,39 patients with thyroid cancer,and 20 normal controls.Results TSHR mRNA signals were not detected in normal controls,the positive rate of TSHR mRNA was higher in the group with malignant nodules than the group of benign nodules (91.2％ vs 48.5％,P＜0.01).TSHR mRNA level in the preoperative malignant group was significantly higher than that in the normal,benign,and postoperative cancer groups (all P ＜ 0.01).Using peripheral blood TSHR mRNA for differentiating benign or malignant of thyroid nodule had a sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of 91.2％,51.5％ and 71.6％,respectively.The sensitivities of TSHR mRNA,FNAC,and these two methods combined in detecting malignant nodules were 91.3％,86.9％,and 100.0％ respectively,while diagnostic accuracies were respectively 84.0％,80.0％,and 92.0％.TSHR mRNA expression showed no significant relationship with sex,age,size,and number of nodule in these patients (all P ＞ 0.05),but it did exhibit significant difference between benign and malignant nodules(P＜0.01).Conclusion The peripheral blood TSHR mRNA could be used as a molecular marker for thyroid cancer,and it would help enhance the preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Expression of angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in human colon cancer / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of the expressions of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in colorectal cancer tissues with Dukes' clinicopathological features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ang-2 and Tie-2 mRNA expressions were detected in colorectal cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, and normal tissues by real time-PCR. Quantikine immunoassays were used to measure the protein expressions of Ang-2 and VEGF in the tissues and serum samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels were significantly higher in the serum of the patients than in the normal tissues (P<0.05), and their expressions were strongly correlated (r=0.879, P=0.000). Tumor tissue Ang-2 and VEGF levels were significantly higher than their levels in the adjacent and normal tissues (P<0.05). In colorectal cancer patients, the peripheral blood level of Ang-2 was significantly higher than that in healthy control subjects, and comparable with that in mesenteric blood (P>0.05). In Dukes' stage C and D patients, serum Ang-2 and VEGF levels were significantly higher than those in patients in Dukes' stage A and B (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ang-2 and VEGF over expressions may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer.</p>

Expression and function evaluation of SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 genes in synovial sarcoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the expressions and functions of the fusion gene SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 in synovial sarcoma.Methods The synovial sarcoma tissue samples and clinical data of 22 synovial sarcoma patients were collected.The expressions of fusion genes were detected by RT-PCR.The relationships between fusion gene and clinicopathologic factors were statistically analyzed.The abilities of proliferation,migration and invasion of 3T3 cells transfected with tusion gene plasmids were detected by MTT,migration and invasion assays.Results There were 11 cases with expression of SYT-SSX1 gene and 9 cases with that of SYT-SSX2 genes.The ratio of SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 was about 1:1.The SYT-SSX1 positive tumors were most biphasic SS and the tumor volumes of patients with SYT-SSX1 positive were larger than that of patients with SYT-SSX2 positive (P =0.028).The SYT-SSX1 positive NIH3T3 cells exhibited higher abilities of proliferation,migration and invasion than SYT-SSX2 positive.Conclusions The ratio of expression of SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 in synovial sarcoma was about 1∶1.Both SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 can promote the growth and migration in NIH3T3 cell.The abilities of proliferation and migration of SYT-SS1 were more potent than that of SYT-SSX2.

Cytokeratin immunoreactivity patterns in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the expression patterns of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and CK20 in the Barrett's esophagus and gastric cardia intestinal metaplasia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Endoscopic biopsy specimens from 19 patients with long segment Barrett's esophagus, 36 with short segment Barrett's esophagus, and 20 with histological evidence of gastric cardia intestinal metaplasia were immunostained for CK7 and CK20. The immunohistochemical data were analyzed in relation with the clinicopathological data of the patients including age, hiatal hernia, and Helicobacter pylori status.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The Barrett's pattern of CK7/20 expressions was found in all the 19 patients with long segment Barrett's esophagus, in 31 of the 36 (82%) patients with short segment Barrett's esophagus, and in 2 of the 20 (10%) patients with gastric cardia intestinal metaplasia. Patients with short segment Barrett's esophagus who had a Barrett's CK7/20 pattern showed similar clinicopathological findings to those with long segment Barrett's esophagus, while in cases of short segment Barrett's esophagus where no Barrett's CK7/20 pattern was found, the clinicopathological features were similar to those of gastric cardia intestinal metaplasia cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A Barrett's CK7/20 expression pattern is an objective marker of Barrett's mucosa. CK7 and CK20 reactivity patterns in routine endoscopic biopsy samples can reliably identify the location of intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus and stomach.</p>

Clinical value of high frequency two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasonography for the diagnosis of lower limb deep venous thrombosis / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the application value of high freuency two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasonography in the detection of lower limb deep venous thrombosis.MethodsEighty-nine patients with suspicious lower limb deep venous thrombosis were enrolled and received high frequency two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasonography examination.Vessel diameter,thrombus position,size and echo and blood flow in vessel were observed.ResultsIn 89 patients,42 cases (47.2％) had femoral-iliac vein thrombus;27 cases(30.3％ ) had vein thrombus in intramuscular of cnemis; 13 cases (14.6％) had deep venous thrombosis of the whole lower limbs; 5 cases (5.6％) had intramuscular haematoma;2 cases (2.2％)had subcutaneous soft tissue edema of cnemis.Eighty-four cases were detected having vein thrombus,2 cases (2.4％) were in both lower limbs; 57 cases (67.9％) were in single left lower limb and 25 cases(29.8％)were in single right lower limb.The ratio between thrombus in single left lower limb and in single right lower limb was 2.28:1.The diameter of popliteal vein and femoral vein in affected side limb was respectively (8.8±1.2) mm and (12.9±2.7) mm,which was significantly larger than those in normal side limb[ (5.9 ±1.5) mm and (9.2±2.1 ) mm](P＜ 0.05).ConclusionHigh frequency two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasonography has high precision in the diagnosis of lower limb deep venous thrombosis and with certain sensibility and specificity.

Inhibition of arsenic trioxide for the capability of migration and invasion in Ewing' s sarcoma cell in vitro / 肿瘤研究与临床

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the metastasis capability of Ewing's sarcoma ceils. MethodsMTT assays were performed to choose appropriate concentrations of As2O3 (＜ 2 μmol/L) for the experiments.Migration and invasion assays were performed to assess the effect of As2O3 on the metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma cells. Changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 expressions were detected by gel zymography assay and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT(PI3K-AKT)pathway was investigated using Western blot. ResultsThe amount of Ewing's sarcoma cells across basal membrane of Transwell in migration and invasion assay decreased gradually with the increase in As2O3 concentration. The average quantities of A-673 across the membrane after treatment by gradual concentrations accounted for 54.3 ％,49.0 ％ and 17.0 ％ of that of untreated group respectively in migration assay (F=112.78,P ＜ 0.01), while 52.7 ％, 32.3 ％ and 10.3 ％ in invasion assay(F =183.76, P ＜ 0.01). Similarly, the percentage of RD-ES was 46.0 ％,39.0 ％ and 8.0 ％ in migration assay (F =408.25,P ＜ 0.01) and 58.7 ％,22.3 ％ and 9.0 ％ in invasion assay (F =373.25, P ＜ 0.01)respectively. The difference had statistics significance.The expression of MMP-9 was suppressed by As2O3 treatment according to gel zymography assay.Western blot assay showed that PI3K-AKT pathway was inhibited and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)was inactivated.ConclusionLow-concentration As2O3 may inhibit metastasis capability of Ewing's sarcoma cells.

The effect of arsenic trioxide on metastasis and invasion of human osteosarcoma cell / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of arsenic trioxide on the motility, metastasis and invasion of osteosarcoma in vitro. Methods Wound healing assay, migration assay, invasion assay and Western-blot were performed to study the effect of arsenic trioxide on metastasis of osteosarcoma. Results Through screening MNNG cell was selected to perform the following research. After treatment of As_2O_3, the ability of MNNC cell flattening and spreading along the edges of the wound was inhibited, and the number of MNNG cells with migration and invasion in As_2O_3 - treated group was significantly less than in control group. Arsenic trioxide treatment also resulted in down-regulation of MMP-9. Conclusion This study is the first to report the effectiveness of arsenic trioxide as an inhibitor of osteosarcoma migration and invasion and the mechanism may be down-regulation of MMP-9.